英国版图最大时期是哪一年(大英帝国的领土巅峰)
大英帝国始于 16 世纪末至 18 世纪初英格兰的海外定居点和贸易站。在鼎盛时期,它是历史上最大的帝国。到 1913 年,大英帝国的面积为 3550 万平方公里(占行星陆地总面积的 24%)。1920 年,帝国人口超过 4.13 亿(占世界人口的 23%)。
大英帝国的领土巅峰(1921 年)
大英帝国在其领土顶峰时,几乎覆盖了与月球相同的表面积。
下面的地图显示了以 1:60,000,000 的统一比例绘制的大英帝国国家
在 1910 年展示超大英属殖民地旗帜的宣传地图下方,这张地图人为地增加了大英帝国的明显影响力和存在感。
上图的下方的文字说明翻译为:
The flags of a free empire, showing the emblems of British power throughout the world
自由帝国的旗帜,展示了英国在全世界的权力标志
“This picture helps us to understand the wonderful way in which the British Empire is established throughout the world. But it helps us to realise something more. The flag that flies over the British Isles in the centre of the picture is the Union Jack, under which no slave can breathe; and it is a fine thing, of which we may be rightly proud, that the sun never sets upon the Union Jack. But the flags that wave over other parts of the empire have all another sign stamped on the Union Jack, which means generally that these places, though they are loyal to the British flag, have a nationality or government of their own. Great Britain has built up a great empire, because, wherever her influence has gone, she has planted the seeds of freedom, and because, as soon as a British colony is able to govern itself, the power to govern is given to it. So that the separate flags mean that the places over which they fly are separate colonies, under the protection of the British flag.”
“这张照片帮助我们了解大英帝国在全世界建立的奇妙方式。但它可以帮助我们实现更多的东西。图片中央的不列颠群岛上空飘扬的旗帜是英国国旗,没有奴隶可以呼吸;太阳永远不会落在英国国旗上,这是一件好事,我们可能会为此感到自豪。但是,在帝国其他地区挥舞的旗帜上都印有英国国旗上的所有其他标志,这意味着这些地方虽然忠于英国国旗,但拥有自己的国籍或政府。英国建立了一个伟大的帝国,因为她的影响所到之处,都播下了自由的种子,因为一旦英国殖民地能够自我治理,治理的权力就被赋予了它。因此,单独的旗帜意味着它们飞越的地方是单独的殖民地,受英国国旗的保护。”
“It is not possible to show all parts of the empire or all the flags in their proper places, and it should be carefully noted that the actual empire, marked red, is represented on this map by the flag-staff and not by the flag itself. The flags have their staffs fixed into t ie places to which they belong so that it is the place where the flag-staff is fixed that belongs to the British Empire. Many small places have flags that are not shown in this map, and in the cases of Canada and Australia, only the federal flags are shown, the flags of the separate parts being along the top and bottom. In many other cases, also, where flags cannot be put in their proper position in such a small space as this, the flags are shown along the borders of the map. The colours of the emblems are not given here, and some of the emblems are shown much larger on the flag than they really are. Some of them are explained briefly in notes appearing on page 1118.”
“不可能在适当的位置显示帝国的所有部分或所有旗帜,应该注意的是,实际的帝国,标记为红色,在这张地图上由旗杆而不是由国旗代表本身。国旗的旗杆被固定在它们所属的地方,因此旗杆被固定的地方属于大英帝国。许多小地方都有国旗没有在这张地图中显示,在加拿大和澳大利亚的情况下,只显示了联邦国旗,单独部分的旗帜沿着顶部和底部。在许多其他情况下,在如此小的空间中无法将旗帜放置在适当位置的情况下,旗帜会沿着地图的边界显示。这里没有给出标志的颜色,有些标志在旗帜上显示的比实际大得多。其中一些在出现在第 1118 页的注释中进行了简要解释。”
大英帝国兴衰动画地图
英国在非洲的殖民地
大英帝国在非洲有许多殖民地:
在西非 - 冈比亚、加纳、尼日利亚、喀麦隆南部和塞拉利昂。
在东非 - 肯尼亚、坦桑尼亚、乌干达和桑给巴尔(坦桑尼亚)。
在南非 -博茨瓦纳、北部(赞比亚)和南罗得西亚(津巴布韦)、莱索托、尼亚萨兰(马拉维)、南非、斯威士兰。
此外,苏丹,以前被称为英埃苏丹,因为他们在那里殖民,所以被英国帝国和埃及共同统治。
1651年,英国在非洲建立了第一个殖民地。直到 19 世纪才发生了一段较低水平的扩张时期,此后英国迅速在该地区发展了殖民地。在最后一个殖民地获得独立后,殖民时代终于在 1980 年结束。
到 20 世纪初,美国和德国开始对抗英国的经济领导地位。
二战期间,英国在亚洲的殖民地被日本控制。尽管英国及其盟国取得了最后的胜利,但英国影响力的破坏助长了帝国的衰败。
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